PIA AT72 at Panjgur on Nov 10th 2018, runway excursion on landing

Last Update: May 2, 2024 / 17:33:39 GMT/Zulu time

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Incident Facts

Date of incident
Nov 10, 2018

Classification
Incident

Cause
Runway excursion on landing

Airline
PIA Pakistan International Airlines

Flight number
PK-517

Departure
Karachi, Pakistan

Destination
Panjgur, Pakistan

Aircraft Type
ATR ATR-72-200

ICAO Type Designator
AT72

Airport
Panjgur Airport, Panjgur

Airport ICAO Code
OPPG

A PIA Pakistan International Airlines Avions de Transport Regional ATR-72-212A performing flight PK-517 from Karachi to Panjgur (Pakistan) with 54 people on board, landed on Panjgur's runway 31 at about 08:20L (03:20Z) but overran the end of the runway, burst both left hand tyres on soft ground and came to a stop with all gear on soft ground. There were no injures, the damage to the aircraft is being assessed.

The airport reported the aircraft blew a tyre on landing and veered off the runway.

The CAA Pakistan reported the aircraft suffered an incident while landing in Panjgur.

According to information The Aviation Herald received the aircraft had been dispatched under Minimum Equipment List requirements with one of the brakes inoperative.

The airline reported the aircraft landed at about 08:20L but skidded off the runway and burst two tyres on rough ground.

Preliminary information suggests the aircraft was dispatched with the right hand brakes inoperative, the left hand brakes failed during landing causing the aircraft to overrun the end of the runway, while running over soft ground both left hand tyres blew.

A passenger video reveals the aircraft landed long on runway 31 touching down past the taxiway to the terminal and overran the runway.

On Nov 23rd 2018 Pakistan's AIB reported the aircraft landed on runway 31 but could not stop before the end of the paved surface and ended up 480 feet/146 meters past the runway end slightly to the right of the extended runway centerline. The outboard left main tyre deflated. The occurrence was rated a serious incident and is being investigated.

Panjgur features a runway 13/31 of 5000 feet/1524 meters length. Usual landing direction is 31.

On May 2nd 2024 Pakistan's CAA released the AAIB's final report concluding the probable causes of the serious incident were:

Cause:

Involuntary Runway Excursion (RE).

Contributing Factors:

- Disregard of Landing limitations (overweight condition upon Landing with one brake inoperative).

- Disregard of operating procedures (high Approach speed).

- Inadequate decision making (indecisiveness of Captain).

The AAIB summarized the sequence of events:

On 10th November, 2018 PIA 517 operating with ATR 72-500 aircraft, Reg. No. AP-BKY was a scheduled passenger flight from JIAP, Karachi to Panjgur Airport. Panjgur Airport is located at an altitude of 3,289 ft Above Mean Sea Level (AMSL) with R/W dimensions 5,000 x 75 ft. The meteorological conditions at Panjgur were reported to be fair with no significant weather. Aircraft loading was within normal limits of 26.2% Centre of Gravity (CG) with Take-off Gross Weight (TOGW) 21,332 kilograms (kg). No. 2 brake assembly (left side internal wheel) was deactivated as per the provision of Minimum Equipment List (MEL) for flight. The anomaly was pointed out by both the Captain and First Officer (FO) keeping in view the reduced R/W dimensions; however; it was not addressed by the Operator. The aircraft departed from JIAP at 0207 h with ground operations, Take-off and enroute flight being uneventful.

Once the aircraft came into contact with Panjgur Airport, the Tower cleared the aircraft to approach for R/W 31 and also passed the wind as 050 degrees (050º), 10 knots (kt) gusting up to 15 kt. While approaching R/W 31 at Panjgur Airport, the aircraft encountered tail wind. The reference Approach speed for Landing was 107 kt as per Flight Crew Operations Manual (FCOM); however, the aircraft speed on Final Approach varied between 118 to 135 kt which was well above the calculated Approach speed. While Landing at Panjgur at 0305 h, the aircraft touched down approximately halfway down the R/W at a speed of 116 kt. Realizing the extended touchdown distance, the Captain decided to execute a “Rejected Landing” procedure. He advanced throttles to add power, but then again retarded the throttles and decided to continue with the Landing Roll. However, the aircraft could not stop and departed from the far end of the R/W, coming to a stop at a distance of 400 ft from the edge of R/W, 100 ft to the right of the R/W centreline.

Related NOTAM:
C0258/18 NOTAMN
Q) OPKR/QMRXX///A/000/999/
A) OPPG
B) 1811100306 C) 1811112359 EST
E) RUNWAY IS UNAVAILABLE DUE TO BLOCKED BY DISABLED ACFT.

Metars:
OPPG 100500Z 05006KT 8000M SKC 19/M01 Q1017 RH29%
OPPG 100400Z 05006KT 8000M SKC 16/M01 Q1016 35%
OPPG 100300Z 05008KT 8000 SKC 14/01 Q1016 RH40%
OPPG 100200Z 05006KT 6000M SKC 12/00 Q1016 RH42%
OPPG 100000Z 05006KT 6000 SkC 13/M01 Q1015 Rh38%