India A320 at Jammu on Jun 9th 2017, overran runway on landing

Last Update: September 26, 2018 / 16:28:04 GMT/Zulu time

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Incident Facts

Date of incident
Jun 9, 2017

Classification
Incident

Cause
Overran runway on landing

Airline
Air India

Flight number
AI-821

Departure
Delhi, India

Destination
Jammu, India

Aircraft Registration
VT-ESL

Aircraft Type
Airbus A320

ICAO Type Designator
A320

An Air India Airbus A320-200, registration VT-ESL performing flight AI-821 from Delhi to Jammu (India) with 134 people on board, landed on Jammu's runway 36 at about 12:15L (06:45Z) but despite applying emergency brakes overran the end of the runway coming to a stop with all gear on soft ground past the paved surface of the runway end safety area. The aircraft was evacuated. No injuries are being reported. 4 of 8 main tyres were damaged and deflated as result of the emergency braking.

The airline reported the aircraft burst a tyre on landing in Jammu. All passengers are safe.

On Sep 14th 2017 India's DGCA reported the occurrence was rated a serious incident, an investigation was opened. The DGCA reported after touchdown the aircraft drifted off the runway center line and the crew did not acquire the required braking. The aircraft overshot the runway and came to a stop past the runway end.

Jammu features a runway 18/36 of 6700 feet/2040 meters length.

On Sep 26th 2018 India's Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (IAAIB) released their final report concluding:

The probable cause of incident is “Delayed touchdown of the aircraft and low deceleration rate due to improper brake application resulted in tyre burst and runway overrun”.

On lowering the landing gear for landing the crew received a "BRAKE AUTO BRAKE FAULT" message but continued the landing as planned however with manual braking. The aircraft touched down 2400 feet past the runway threshold, the thrust reversers were deployed, full reverse thrust as well as manual brakes applied, however the captain felt insufficient deceleration. The park brakes were applied twice during deceleration resulting in a number of burst tyres. The crew was unable to stop the aircraft before the runway end, the nose landing gear came to a stop 74 feet past the runway end (on soft ground as there is no runway end safety area) and 53 feet from the airport perimeter wall. The G-load at touchdown had been 1.2G. Shortly afterwards cabin crew informed the flight deck about smoke in the cabin, the aircraft was evacuated.

The IAAIB rported that two of the emergency slides collapsed. When the slides were reviewed they were 17 and 18 years old, however, the manufacturer had limited the service life to 15 years.

Weather was not a factor into the occurrence.

The IAAIB analysed the aircraft floated above the runway at 2 feet radar altitude for abot 4 seconds until pilot inputs forced the aircraft down. The main landing gear touched down 2400 feet past the runway threshold at 145 knots over ground, the nose gear touched down 3200 feet past the threshold at 137 knots over ground. Ground spoilers deployed and maximum reverse thrust was used. 4160 feet past the threshold full manualy braking was applied at 125 knots over ground. Between 4000 and 6000 feet past the threshold the tyres on the left and right hand main gear burst, at 6000 feet the anti-skid systems comes off at 76 knots over ground. 6400 feet past the threshold at 45 knots over ground the park brakes get applied for 2 seconds and again at 6600 feet past the threshold at 30 knots over ground. The aircraft went past the runway end at 10 knots over ground.

Metars:
VIJU 090830Z 18005KT 6000 FEW030 36/14 Q1003 NOSIG=
VIJU 090730Z VRB02KT 6000 FEW030 36/13 Q1004 NOSIG=
VIJU 090630Z 12004KT 6000 FEW030 SCT090 34/14 Q1004 NOSIG=
VIJU 090530Z 05003KT 6000 FEW030 SCT090 32/15 Q1005 NOSIG=
VIJU 090430Z 01004KT 6000 FEW030 SCT090 30/18 Q1005 NOSIG=
VIJU 090330Z 36004KT 6000 SCT025 SCT090 26/20 Q1005 TEMPO RA=
VIJU 090230Z VRB01KT 6000 -DZ SCT025 BKN090 25/19 Q1004 NOSIG=